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标题: EN 55014-1:2006+A1+A2标注解读 4 [打印本页]

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-20 20:35
标题: EN 55014-1:2006+A1+A2标注解读 4
6 Methods of measurement of disturbance power (30 MHz to 300 MHz)

骚扰功率的测量（30M-300M）。

第六章讲的是另外一个测试项目骚扰功率（DP）的测量布置。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-20 20:47
This clause lays down the general requirements for the measurement of disturbance power produced at the terminals of apparatus.
本章列出了由器具端子产生的骚扰功率测量的一般要求。

The operating conditions are given in Clause 7 of this standard.
运行条件在本部分第7章中给出。

It is generally considered that for frequencies above 30 MHz the disturbing energy is propagated by radiation to the disturbed apparatus.
一般认为，频率超过30MHz以上时，骚扰能量是通过辐射传播到被骚扰的器具的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-20 20:57
Experience has shown that the disturbing energy is mostly radiated by the part of the mains leads and other leads near the appliance. It is therefore agreed to define the disturbing capability of an appliance as the power it could supply to its leads. This power is nearly equal to that supplied by the appliance to a suitable absorbing device placed around these leads at the position where the absorbed power is at its maximum.
经验表明：骚扰能量主要是通过靠近器具的那部分电源引线和其他引线辐射的。因此同意用器具所能馈给电源引线的功率来确定其骚扰能力。该功率几乎等于器具馈给环绕这些引线的一个合适的吸收装置在吸收功率为最大值位置时的功率。

这句话应该这样理解，骚扰功率其实是辐射的一种测试项目，骚扰功率测试时是用过一个功率吸收钳在引线的每个位置所被馈给的最大功率值来确定的。

Calibration is accomplished in accordance with Annex B of CISPR 16-1-2.

校准按照CISPR16-1-2中附录B实施。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-20 21:00
6.1 Measuring devices：测量设备。
6.1.1 Measuring receivers：测量接收机
Receivers with quasi-peak detectors shall be in accordance with Clause 4 of CISPR 16-1-1; receivers with average detectors shall be in accordance with Clause 6 of CISPR 16-1-1.

NOTE Both detectors may be incorporated in a single receiver and measurements carried out either using the quasi-peak detector or the average detecto。

测量接收机，和第五章内容一样的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-20 21:03
6.1.2 Absorbing clamp：功率吸收钳

The absorbing clamp shall be in accordance with Clause 4 of CISPR 16-1-3.
吸收钳应符合CISPR16-1-3中第四章的规定。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 16:48
6.2 Measurement procedure on the mains lead

电源线上的测量程序。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 16:56
6.2.1 The distance between the clamp test set-up (the appliance, the lead to be measured and the absorbing clamp) and any other conductive objects (including persons, walls and ceiling, but excluding the floor) shall be at least 0,8 m. The appliance to be tested shall be placed on a non-metallic support table parallel to the floor. The height of the table shall be 0,1 m ± 0,025 m for appliances primarily intended to be positioned on the floor in normal use, and 0,8 m ± 0,05 m for other appliances.
吸收钳与其他导体部分至少保持0.8m的距离，受试器具放在与地面平行的非金属支撑面上，对于落地式产品来说，支撑面的高度是0,1 m ± 0,025 ，对其他产品来说桌子的高度是 0,8 m ± 0,05 m。

The lead to be measured is placed in a straight line for a distance sufficient to accommodate the absorbing clamp, and to permit the necessary measuring adjustment of position for tuning. The clamp is placed around the lead.

测量引线应延长成一直线，以保证足够的长度容纳吸收钳，并且允许于频率协调时必要的测量位置调节。吸收钳应环绕引线放置。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 17:01
6.2.2 The absorbing clamp is positioned for maximum indication at each test frequency: the clamp shall be moved along the lead until the maximum value is found between a position adjacent to the appliance and a distance of about a half-wavelength from it.
NOTE The maximum may occur at a distance close to the appliance.

吸收钳的放置应使每一测量频率上知识出最大值；吸收钳应沿引线移动直到在靠近器具的位置和与器具相距半个波长的距离之间找到最大值。

注：最大值可能出现在距离器具较近的位置。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 17:04
6.2.3 The straight portion of the lead to be measured on should therefore be about 6 m long, this being equal to λ max/2 + 0,6 m in order to allow at any time the positioning of the absorbing clamp and a possible second clamp for additional isolation.

被测引线的拉直部分之所以6m长，是因为这个长度等于（λ max/2 + 0.6 ）m，目的是允许随时为吸收钳和为了附加隔离的另一只铁氧体吸收钳的定位。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 17:10
这个6m，其实严格地说应该是5.6m。根据：速度=波长*频率的公式来计算。速度取光速。

V=3×108(m/s)=30×106*λ。根据该公式可以得知，波长与频率成反比，因此λmax对应的频率应该是30M，则可以λmax是10m。

因此得到5.6m。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 17:15
If the original lead of the appliance is shorter than the necessary length it shall be extended or replaced by a similar lead.
如果器具原来的引线短于所需的长度，应延长或用类似质量的电源引线代替。

Any plug or socket which will not pass through the absorbing clamp due to its size shall be removed or, especially in the case of controversy with regard to the banning of sales or withdrawal of a type approval the lead may be replaced by a lead of similar quality with the necessary length.

应拆去任何由于尺寸原因不能通过吸收钳的插头或插座，或者特别是在事关禁止销售或取消形式认可的争论时，引线应由所需长度的类似质量的引线代替。

NOTE λ max is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency at which measurements are to be made for instance 10 m at 30 MHz.

λ max对应所要测量的最低频率点的波长，例如在30MHz时为10m。

作者: 电哈哈 时间: 2012-6-22 17:58
精华啊……………………………………

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 20:56
6.2.4 If the r.f. isolation between mains supply and the input of the absorbing clamp on the side of the appliance appears to be insufficient, a fixed ferrite clamp (see CISPR 16-1-3) should be placed along the lead at a distance of about 6 m from the appliance. This improves the stability of the loading impedance and reduces extraneous noise coming from the mains supply. For more information see Clause 4 of CISPR 16-1-3.

如果在电源与在器具一侧的吸收钳之间的射频隔离不足，应在离器具6m处沿线放置一个固定的铁氧体吸收钳（见CISPR 16-1-3）。这样可以提高负载阻抗稳定性和减少来自电源的外部噪声。详见CISPR 16-1-3的第4章。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 20:57
6.3 Special requirements for appliances having auxiliary apparatus connected at the end of a lead other than the mains lead

在非电源引线端连接有辅助装置的器具的特殊要求

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 21:01
6.3.1 Measuring arrangement
6.3.1.1 Auxiliary leads normally extendible by the user, for instance with a loose end or leads fitted with a (by the user) easily replaceable plug or socket on one or both ends, shall in accordance with 6.2.3 be extended to a length of about 6 m. Any plug or socket which will not pass through the absorbing clamp due to its size shall be removed (see 6.2.3).

辅助引线通常可由使用者延长是，例如带一个自由端，或者在一端或两端装有（由使用者）容易替换的插头或插座的引线，应按6.2.3延长至大约6m的长度。应拆去任何由于尺寸原因不能通过吸收钳的插头或插座（见6.2.3）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 21:04
6.3.1.2 If the auxiliary lead is permanently fixed to the appliance and to the auxiliary apparatus and:

如果辅助引线是长久地固定到器具和辅助装置的，

– is shorter than 0,25 m, measurement are not to be made on these leads;

短于0.25m的，不在该引线上测量。

– is longer than 0,25 m but shorter than twice the length of the absorbing clamp, it shall be extended to twice the length of the absorbing clamp;

长于0.25m但是短于测量吸收钳长度两倍的，应延长到吸收钳长度的两倍。

– is longer than twice the length of the absorbing clamp, measurements shall be made using the original lead.
长于吸收钳长度两倍的，使用原引线进行测量。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-22 21:09
When the auxiliary apparatus is not necessary for the operation of the main appliance (e.g. a power nozzle to a vacuum cleaner) and a separate test procedure for the auxiliary apparatus is specified elsewhere in this standard, only the lead, but not the auxiliary
apparatus, shall be connected. (However, all measurements on the main appliance in accordance with 6.3.2 are to be made.)

当辅助装置不是主体器具运行所必须的（如真空吸尘器的动力吸嘴）以及本部分的其他地方规定有辅助装置的单独试验程序是，应只接引线而不解辅助装置。（然而，按6.3.2在器具主体上所有的测试都应进行）。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-6-23 21:40
回复 3# stone0371

用功率吸收钳测试辐射骚扰时，测试过程中功率吸收钳在线缆上移动不？还是把功率吸收钳放在一个固定的位置。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-6-23 21:46
回复 9# stone0371

你这个0.6m指的是什么？

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-6-23 21:54
回复 13# stone0371

这种要是能把图片上传上来就好了；其实解读的很多要是有图片就更加生动了。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-24 11:38
回复 18# 桃花岛主

功率钳会从电源线开始的地方，不断移动，一直移动到6m长的位置。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-24 11:40
回复 19# 桃花岛主

这个0.6m没有明确的解释，但是我根据功率钳的机械结构来看，应该是功率钳的长度，下面是功率钳的尺寸图片。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 19:57
6.3.2 Measurement procedure 测量程序

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:07
6.3.2.1 Measurement of the disturbance power is made firstly on the mains lead of the main appliance using the absorbing clamp in accordance with 6.2. Any lead connecting the main appliance to an auxiliary apparatus is disconnected if this does not affect the operation of the appliance, or is isolated by means of ferrite rings (or an absorbing clamp) close to the appliance.

首先，在器具主体电源引线上按6.2用吸收钳进行骚扰功率的测量。如果不影响器具的运行，连接器具主体到辅助装置上的任何引线都应断开，或者通过靠近器具的铁氧体环（或吸收钳）隔离。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:11
6.3.2.2 Secondly, a similar measurement is made on each lead which is or may be connected to an auxiliary apparatus, whether or not it is necessary for the operation of the appliance; the current transformer of the clamp pointing towards the main appliance. Isolation, or disconnection of the mains lead and other leads is made in accordance with 6.3.2.1.

其次，在接到或可能接到辅助装置的每根引线上进行类似的测量，而无论器具运行时是否需要该引线；吸收钳的电流互感器指向器具主体。电源引线和其他引线的隔离或断开按6.3.2.1进行。

NOTE For short, permanently connected leads the movement of the clamp (as described in 6.2.3) is limited by the length of the lead.

注：对于短的、永久地连接的引线，吸收钳的移动受引线长度的限制（如6.2.3所述）

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:13
6.3.2.3 In addition, measurement is made as above but with the current transformer of the clamp pointing towards any auxiliary apparatus, unless this auxiliary apparatus is not needed for the operation of the main appliance and a separate test procedure for it is specified elsewhere (no disconnection or r.f. isolation of other leads is of course necessary in this case).

此外，测量仍按上述方法进行，但吸收钳的电流互感器指向任一辅助装置，除非辅助装置是器具主体运行所不需要的而且另外规定有单独的试验程序（当然，在此情况下其他引线不必断开或射频隔离）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:15
6.4 Assessment of measuring results
The measured power is derived from the maximum indicated value found at each frequency of measurement and the calibration curve of the absorbing clamp (see also the example given in Annex B of CISPR 16-1-3).

测量结果的评定

骚扰功率的测量值是在每个测量频率点找到最大指示值和吸收钳的校准曲线得出。（见CISPR16-1-3附录B中给出的例子）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:20
至此，第六章的骚扰功率的测试布置，已经全部完了，下面补充个示意图，共大家参考。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-6-26 20:21
骚扰功率的测试示意图

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-7-2 22:00
stone，怎么看不到你的分享了，我一直在学习，很有收获；你讲的不错，期待继续分享。。。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-3 12:50
回复 30# 桃花岛主

岛主，我一直记得这件事情的，只是最近比较忙，这边有点顾不过了，在等两天等手上的事情告一段落，我会回来继续的。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-7-3 22:54
学习随时都可以，等你有空了继续分享，我感谢先。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:36
7 Operating conditions and interpretation of results

第7章：运行条件和结果说明

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:39
When measurements of disturbance are being made, the appliance shall be operated under the following conditions:

在进行骚扰测量时，器具应按如下条件运行。

第七章讲解的是在测试时，器具的运行状态。

各位其实可以再看标准的时候，首先大致浏览目录，这样知道每章重点讲解的内容，弄明白标准的逻辑安排，本人认为这是对标准比较正确的学习方法。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:43
7.1 General 总则
7.1.1 Normal load conditions shall be as defined in 7.2 and 7.3, unless these are in conflict with the manufacturer's instruction for use, which in such cases take precedence. Where appliances are not covered by these subclauses, the manufacturer's instruction for use shall be followed.

正常的负载是由7.2和7.3确定，除非这些鱼制造商的说明书有矛盾，在此情况下，优先选取制造商说明书中规定的条件。对于不包括在这些条款中的器具，应参照制造商的使用说明书。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:44
7.1.2 The duration of operation is not restricted unless the appliance is marked accordingly. In this case the limitations shall be complied with.

器具的运行时间不受限制，除非器具上标有相应的规定，在此情况下应符合此规定。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:47
7.1.3 No running-in time to be specified but, prior to testing, the appliance shall be operated for a sufficient period to ensure that the conditions of operation will be typical of those during normal life of the equipment. Running-in of motors shall be carried out by the manufacturer.

没有预运行时间的规定，但在测试之前，器具应运行足够长的时间以保证运行条件是器具正常寿命期间的典型条件。电动机的预运行应由制造商运行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:48
7.1.4 The appliances shall be operated from a supply that provides the rated voltage and the rated frequency of the appliance.

器具应连接到能为其提供额定电压和额定频率的电源上运行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 20:55
A test at about 160 kHz and at about 50 MHz shall be made over a range of 0,9 to 1,1 times the rated voltage in order to check whether the level of disturbance varies considerably with the supply voltage; in which case, the measurements are to be made at the voltage that causes maximum disturbance.

应在0.9-1.1倍的额定电压范围内，在160kHz和50MHz两个频点上进行测试，以检查骚扰电平是否随着电源电压变化而有明显的变化；在此情况下，应在引起最大骚扰的电压下进行测量。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:14
If an appliance has a rated voltage range, the multipliers 0,9 and 1,1 apply to the lowest and highest, most common nominal supply voltages that fall within the rated voltage range that is specified by the manufacturer.

如果器具有一个额定电压电压范围，则对应的最低电压，最高电压及在制造商规定的电压范围内的常用的标称电压乘以0.9和1.1的系数。

NOTE The most common nominal supply voltages are 100 V, 110 V, 115 V, 120 V, 127 V, 220 V, 230 V, 240 V and 250 V.

注：最常用的标称电压为100 V, 110 V, 115 V, 120 V, 127 V, 220 V, 230 V, 240 V 和 250 V.

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:16
If an appliance has more than one rated voltage the multipliers 0,9 and 1,1 apply to the rated voltage that causes maximum disturbance.

如果器具有多于一个额定电压，则对应的引起最大骚扰的额定电压乘以0.9和1.1的系数。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:20
For appliances with a frequency range of 50 Hz to 60 Hz, a test at about 160 kHz and at about 50 MHz shall be made using supply frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz at the above determined supply voltage, in order to check whether the level of disturbance varies
considerably with the supply frequency; in which case, the measurements are to be made at the supply frequency which causes maximum disturbance.

如果器具频率范围为50Hz-60Hz，则在160kHz 和50MHz两个频点上进行测试，分别使用50Hz和60Hz频率，在上述已确定的供电电压下进行，以检查骚扰电平是否随着供电频率的变化而有明显地变化。在此情况下，则在引起最大骚扰的供电频率下进行测量。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:22
7.1.4描述的是器具的电压和频率的选择，针对的现象有三种情况。

1.单个额定电压。
2.单个额定电压范围。
3.多个额定电压范围。

至于为什么会选择在160kHz和50MHz这个点乘以电压系数，这个问题，我一直也没有想明白，请明白的人出来解释下。谢谢。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:24
7.1.5 Speed controls with a limited number of fixed positions are to be adjusted to approximately average and to maximum speed, the higher reading to be registered if there is no instruction to the contrary in this standard.

如果本部分中没有相反的说明，有极速度控制器应调节到平均值附近和最大速度，记录较高的读数。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:29
Apparatus which incorporate electronic regulating controls shall have the controls adjusted for maximum disturbance in accordance with the procedure outlined in 7.2.6.1, in both frequency ranges 148,5 kHz to 30 MHz and 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz.

对于装有电子调节器的器具，控制器应按7.2.6.1的简述程序调节到最大骚扰，包括148.5kHz-30MHz和30MHz-1000MHz。

If the setting of continuously adjustable controls, which are not designed for frequent adjustment in normal use, has been pre-set, it shall not be adjusted during the test.

对于设计在正常使用不是经常调节的连续可调控器，如果已预先设定，则在试验期间不应调节。

针对速度控制的产品，例子很多，比如电吹风控制风量的I档，II档,III档等。吸尘器的高中低三档。食物搅拌机的高中低档位等。针对这些产品都是要测量中档和高档的骚扰水平的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:30
7.1.6 The ambient temperature shall lie within the range 15 °C to 35 °C.

环境温度应在15℃-35℃范围内。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-10 21:34
7.2 Operating conditions for particular equipment and integrated parts

特殊设备和整体部件的运行条件。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 20:37
7.2.1 Multifunction equipment
Multifunction equipment which is subjected simultaneously to different clauses of this standard and/or other standards shall be tested with each function operated in isolation, if this can be achieved without modifying the equipment internally. The equipment thus tested shall be deemed to have complied with the requirements of all clauses/standards when each function has satisfied the requirements of the relevant clause/standard.

同时适用本部分不同条款和/或其他标准的多功能设备，如果无需改动设备内部状况就能实现多功能的话，则应分别按每一功能进行单独试验。如果每一功能都满足有关条款/标准的要求，则认为试验设备室符合所有条款/标准的要求的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 20:39
For equipment for which it is not practical to test with each function operated in isolation, or where the isolation of a particular function would result in the equipment being unable to fulfil its primary function, the equipment shall be deemed to have complied only if it meets the provisions of each clause/standard with the necessary functions operative.

如果设备无法再每一种功能单独运行条件下测试，或某一功能的单独运行会导致设备不能满足其主要功能的要求，只要在必要的功能运行条件下满足每条款/标准的要求，就认为设备室符合要求的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 20:46
7.2.2 Battery operated appliances：电池供电类器具

The appliance shall be tested operating in each permitted mode and in accordance with the operating conditions given in 7.3.
器具应按每种允许的运行模式并在7.3规定的运行条件下进行测试。

In the frequency range 148,5 kHz to 30 MHz measurements on equipment with external batteries are made at the terminals of the connecting lead using a probe as described in 5.1.3 in series with the input of the measuring receiver. Equipment which is made to be held in the hand shall be connected to the artificial hand.

在148.5kHz-30MHz频段内，外接电池的器具应按5.1.3的规定用电压探头串联在接收机的输入端在连接引线的端子上进行测量，握在手中操作的器具应接上模拟手。

In the frequency range 30 MHz to 300 MHz measurement on equipment with external batteries are made as described in 6.3.2.2 with the current transformer of the clamp pointing toward the appliance.

在30MHz-300MHz频段内，外接电池的器具应按6.3.2.2的规定进行测量，吸收钳的电流互感器指向器具。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 20:49
7.2.3 Integrated starting switches, speed controls, etc.

整体式启动开关、速度控制器等

For starters, speed controls etc. incorporated in appliances like sewing machines and similar apparatus given in Table A.2 the second paragraph of 7.4.2.3 applies.

装在器具内的启动器、速度控制器等，如缝纫机和表A.2中给出的类似器具，7.4.2.3第二段适用。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 20:59
7.2.3.1 Starters and speed control of sewing machines and dental drills. To determine the disturbance generated during starting and stopping the speed of the motor shall be increased to maximum speed over a 5 s period. For stopping, the control shall be reset quickly to its off position. To determine the click rate N, the period between two starts shall be 15 s.

缝纫机和牙钻的启动器和速度控制器，为了确定在启动和停止时产生的搜啊绕，启动时电动机的速度应在5s内增加到最大值。停止时控制器应迅速恢复到断开位置。为了确定喀呖声率，两次启动间隔为15s。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 21:01
7.2.3.2 Starting switches in adding machines, calculating machines and cash registers shall be operated intermittently with at least 30 starts per minute. If 30 starts per minute cannot be attained, then intermittent operation with as many starts per minute as possible in practice shall be used.

加法器、计数器和点钞机的启动开关应以每分钟至少30次启动的间歇操作，如果不能达到每分钟30次的启动，则用实际尽可能达到的每分钟的启动数间歇运行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-12 21:03
7.2.3.3 Picture change devices of slide-projectors. To determine the click rate N, the device shall be operated with the lamp switched on and with four picture-changes per minute without slides.

幻灯投影仪的换片装置，为了确定喀呖声率N,装置应在开灯，以每分钟四次换片的速度（不用载片）运行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:21
7.2.4 Thermostats
Separate as well as incorporated thermostats for the control of electric room or water heaters, oil and gas burners and the like.

温控器指的是用于控制房间电热器、电热水器、油和气体燃烧器等器具的单独的或内置式温控器。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:24
Thermostats for, or integrated in permanently installed room heating equipment intended for stationary use shall be allocated with a click rate N which is five times the click rate determined for a single, portable or removable room heater.

用于或装载预定放在固定位置使用且永久地安装的房间加热器内的温控器，其喀呖声率N为单个的，便携式的或可移式的房间加热器确定的喀呖声率的5倍。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:47
The click rate N shall be determined for the maximum operating rate stated by the manufacturer or – if sold for or together with a heater or burner – for a duty-cycle of (50 ± 10) % of this heater or burner.

喀呖声率N应由制造商说明的最大运行速率确定，或者，如果与加热器或燃烧器一起出售，以加热器或燃烧器（50±10）%的工作周期确定。

这句话应该这样理解：因为温控器一般都是有动作温度的，在最大运行速率时，是指温控器最频繁的动作状态。如果与加热器一起出售，要找到某个状态，保证温控器的动作速率时最大速率的二分之一的状态下测试。我认为这样取的是个折中的测试状态，因为在EMC测试要求中，基本的前提是要求设备工作在典型的工作状态。取最大速率的的二分之一是比较实际的工作状态的。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:50
The amplitude and duration of the disturbance shall be measured for the lowest rated current of the thermostat. For thermostats which have an acceleration resistor incorporated, the same measurements shall be performed in addition, without any separate heater connected.

骚扰幅度和骚扰持续时间应在温控器最小额定电流下测量。对于装有加速电阻器的温控器应在不接任何单独的加热器时进行同样的附加测量。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:52
When, in practice, the thermostat may be used together with inductive loads (e.g. relay,contactor) all measurements shall be performed using such a device, having the highest coil inductance used in practice.

实践中，当温控器可能与感性负载（如继电器、接触器）一起使用时，所有测量应在用实际使用时有最大线圈电感的装置上进行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 20:57
In order to obtain a satisfactory measurement, it is essential that the contacts shall be operated for a sufficient number of times with a suitable load to ensure that the levels of disturbance are representative of those encountered in normal operation

为了得到令人满意的测量，用合适的负载使触点运行足够的次数是必要的，以确保能重现在正常运行中遇到的骚扰电平。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 21:00
NOTE 1 For appliances containing thermostatically operated switches 7.3.4 is to be observed.
NOTE 2 If a thermostat is integrated in an appliance which it does not control, it is to be treated according to 7.2.4 or 7.3.4.14.

注1：对于含有恒温操作开关的器具应参见7.3.4。
注2：如果温控器装在不是由它控制的器具内的，按7.2.4和7.3.4.14处理。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-13 21:18
7.2.5 Thermostats – Alternative procedure to that specified in 7.2.4
For thermostats following this alternative procedure the subclauses 4.2.3.2, 4.2.3.4 and the flow diagram of Figure 9 are not applicable.

温控器-替代7.2.4规定的程序

对于采用以下替代步骤的温控器，4.2.3.2, 4.2.3.4和图9的流程不适用。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 19:53
7.2.5.1 For thermostats, separate or incorporated in a control box, e.g. with timer, intended to be integrated in a fixed room heating installation, the manufacturer shall specify the maximum operating switching rate. The click rate N shall be derived from this specification. Failing that, a click rate N = 10 shall be used, and Lq shall be determined, see 4.2.2.2.

对于单独的或装在控制箱内的，例如同计时器一起，打算装在固定的房间加热装置内的温控器，制造商应规定最大的开关操作速率。喀呖声率N由此规定值得出，否则，应使喀呖声率N=10，在确定Lq。见4.2.2.2.

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 19:56
The thermostat shall be caused to operate for 40 contact operations (20 opening and 20 closing), either manually by actuating of the temperature setting means, or automatically by e.g. a hot/cold blower.

应通过手动地操作温度设定装置或通过如热/冷吹风机等方式自动滴引起温控器发生40次接触操作（20次打开和20次关闭）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:02
The amplitude and duration of the disturbance shall be measured for the lowest rated current of the thermostat. In the absence of a marked or a declared minimum rated current, a current equal to 10 % of the maximum rated current is used. The amplitude of no more than 25 % of the disturbances shall exceed the Lq level. For thermostats which have an acceleration resistor incorporated, the same measurements shall be performed in addition without any separate load connected.

骚扰幅度和骚扰持续时间应在温控器最小额定电流下测量，如果没有标明或声明最小额定电流，应使其等于最大额定电流的10%。不超过四分之一的骚扰的幅度可以超过Lq电平。对于装有加速电阻器的温控器应在不接任何单独加热器时进行同样的附加测量。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:27
When, in practice, the thermostat may be used together with inductive loads (e.g. relay,contactor) all measurements shall be performed using such a device, having the highest coil inductance allowed for by the manufacturer’s specification.

实践中，当温控器可能与感性负载（如继电器、接触器）一起使用时，所有测量应在制造商说明书中允许的有最大线圈电感的装置上进行。

Prior to test, it is essential that the contacts shall be operated for a hundred times with the rated load.

测试之前，用额定的负载使触点运行一百次是必要的。

NOTE This is to ensure that the levels of disturbance are representative of those encountered in normal operations.

注：这是为了保证能重现在正常运行中遇到的骚扰电平。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:31
7.2.5.2 Thermostatically controlled three-phase switches
Thermostatically controlled three-phase switches shall be treated as thermostats (see 7.2.5.1). Where no manufacturer’s specification is given, a clickrate N = 10 shall be used.

恒温控制的三相开关

恒温控制的三相开关应作为温控器处理（见7.2.5.1）。如果制造商没有给出规定，应使喀呖声率N=10.

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:37
7.2.5.3 Thermostatically controlled portable and removable room heating appliances
For portable and movable room heating appliances the manufacturer shall specify the maximum operating switching rate. The click rate N shall be derived from this specification, and the procedure in 7.2.5.1 shall be followed.

恒温控制的便携式和可移动式房间加热器具

对于便携式和可移式房间加热器具，制造商应规定最大的转换调节速率。喀呖声率N由此规定值得出，并应按照7.2.5.1规定的步骤（测量）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:40
Where no manufacturer’s specification is given, a click rate N = 10 shall be used, following the procedure in 7.2.5.1, or the click rate N shall be determined for a duty-cycle of (50± 10) % of the control device. The procedure of Figure 9 shall be followed.

当制造商没有给出规定时，应使喀呖声率N=10，并按照7.2.5.1规定的步骤（测量）。或者又控制装置(50± 10) % 的工作周期得出喀呖声率N,并按照图9的步骤（测量）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:42
The power range switch, if any, shall be in the lowest position.

如果有功率范围开关，应设定在最小档位。

Prior to test, it is essential that the contacts shall be operated for a hundred times with the rated load.
NOTE This is to ensure that the levels of disturbance are representative of those encountered in normal operations.

测试之前，用额定的负载使触点运行一百次是必要的。
注：这是为了保证能重现在正常运行中遇到的骚扰电平

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:43
7.2.6 Regulating controls incorporating semiconductor devices

装有半导体调节装置的调节控制器

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 20:54
7.2.6.1 Adjustments for maximum disturbance level
The regulating control shall be adjusted to give a maximum indication on the meter at each frequency of measurement. After the value of the disturbance is registered at each preferred frequency (see 7.4.1.3) the frequency band adjacent to the preferred frequency is scanned without adjustment to the regulating control and the highest disturbance values are noted (for instance scan between 150 kHz and 240 kHz with the regulating control set at the value that gave the maximum on the meter at 160 kHz).

调节控制器应调节到使接收机在每一个测量频率上给出最大指示值的位置。记录每个优先频率点（见7.4.1.3）的骚扰值后，不改变调节控制器，在优先频率点附近的频带内进行扫描，并记录最大骚扰值（例如，调节控制器设定在160kHz上接收机给出最大值的位置，再进行150kHz-240kHz范围内进行扫描）。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:08
7.2.6.2 Equipment with several regulating controls
The following measurement procedure shall be applied to appliances containing several individually adjustable regulating controls each one having a maximum rated load current of not more than 25 A.

有若干个调节控制器的设备

下述测量程序适用于若干个分别可调的控制调节器并且每个控制调节器最大额定负载电流不大于25A的器具。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:09
It shall be applied both on appliances where several regulating controls are connected to the same phase of the mains and to appliances where the regulating controls are connected to separate phases of the mains.

本条款对几个调节控制器接到电源的同一相和调节控制器分别接到电源的不同相的两种器具都适用。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:11
7.2.6.2.1 Each regulating control is tested separately. Measurements are made in accordance with 7.2.6.1 on all terminals of the appliance.
If separate switches are provided for the individual regulating controls, the units not being used should be switched off during these tests.

每个调节控制器应分别测试。按7.2.6.1在器具的所有端子进行测量。

如果单个调节控制器装有单独的开关，在试验期间不用的调节控制器应断开。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:13
7.2.6.2.2 As many individual regulating controls as possible are connected to their loads without the maximum current per phase to the appliance exceeding 25 A when each of the controls is carrying its maximum rated current.

每个控制器带上其最大的额定电流负载，在器具的每相最大电流不超过25A的前提下，将尽可能多的调节控制器连接到负载上。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:15
When not all individual controls can be connected to their maximum load, those controls are given priority which gave the highest disturbance values when tested in accordance with 7.2.6.2.1.

在不可能所有单个控制器都接到最大负载时，那些按7.2.6.2.1测试时产生最大骚扰电平的控制器应具有优先权。

NOTE The controls may be different for different frequencies or for different terminals.

注：对于不同频率或不同端子，控制器可能不同。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:18
The setting of the individual controls shall be the same as those giving maximum disturbance during the measurement in accordance with 7.2.6.2.1. In addition a simple check shall be made that no other setting will give greater disturbance. Measurements are made on the mains terminals, all phases and neutral, on the terminals to the loads and on additional
terminals of the appliance.

单个调节控制器的设定应与在7.2.6.2.1测量期间给出的最大骚扰的那些设定相同。应增加一个简单的核查以确定没有其他设定会产生更大的骚扰。测量应在器具的电源端子，包括所有的相线和中线，负载端子和附加端子上进行。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:20
This test is not made when each individual regulating control consists of an entirely selfcontained regulating circuit including all suppression components and operates independently of the others and does not control, either by design or fortuitously, any load that another individual regulator is controlling.

当每个单独的调节控制器是由自带的完整调节电路，包括抑制元件，独立于其他控制器工作，且由于设计或其他原因使其不能控制其他调节控制器正在控制的任何负载时，则不进行本试验。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-16 21:23
7.3 Standard operating conditions and normal loads

标准运行条件和正常负载

由于下面的产品都是比较常见的产品，在认证中也是出现的最多的产品，因此我打算重新发帖专门讲解下面的电动、电热类产品。

针对第七章的内容，主要讲解的测试状态和负载，因此大家需要注意的一点是，针对每个条款，描述的对象产品是什么，这个是理解每个条款的基本要求，否则会出现不知所云的感觉。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-7-16 23:23
回复 39# stone0371

这种其他产品类标准好像没有提这个要求啊！一上来就额定电压测试，也不看电压范围引起的最大骚扰时的电压。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-7-16 23:28
回复 45# stone0371

中档和高档个测试一次吗？选高档测试了不测中档行不行？

作者: waltektony 时间: 2012-7-17 00:02
比较正式测测试都是会先选电压然后选测试模式！固定的频点（传导0.16MHz,功率骚扰50MHz）去对比在不同电压下的读值，选择最差的电压测试，一般情况下，如电机类产品都是高电压严酷些。但最好还是选下电压比较保险！

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-17 08:29
回复 81# 桃花岛主

EN 55014-1里面是又这个要求的，就像在60335-1中一样，测试的时候有0.94倍和1.15倍的电压要求。

作者: stone0371 时间: 2012-7-17 08:32
回复 82# 桃花岛主

中档和高档是各测试一次，我是这样理解的，一般情况下，根据人们的习惯，低档是很少用的，用的都是高档和中档，这样算是在实际生活中比较典型使用状态了，这和EMC测试对产品工作在典型状态的要求并不矛盾。

作者: 桃花岛主 时间: 2012-7-17 22:14
回复 85# stone0371

这个说的很符合实际情况，确实低档基本没人用。

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